Printing telegraph equipment



May 2, 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ETAL PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. .15, 1956 EDWARD E KLEIN HM/DT CARL P. ANDERSON By H/LD/Nq A. ANDERSO CLAYTON H. CLARK DAVID C. SHEER/CK J #722412 ATTORNEYS May 2, 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 13, 1956 a v! MNMMM E HQEA r c R K Na 50/; 0 ENRNCE T WHM r A A A DPNTO MLM DA/ ECHCD. w J

May 2, 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ETAL 2,982,310

PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT Filed Dec. 15, 1956 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. EDWARD F KLE/NSCf/M/DT CARL P. ANDERSON y HILD/NG A. ANDERJON CLAYTON 1+ CLARK DAV/D c- .SHERR/CK 15M, mim+w ATTORNEYS y 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ETAL 2,982,810

PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 13, 1956 T .w M K s MNmMmMH E R N 5 AR T so Ck I N R E E N o EE 5 c H T /1VLDA.5 T W H A F 0 N P m wrm muma mcHc w J y 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL 2,982,810

PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 15, 1956 NR kw mom y 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL 2,982,810

PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Dec. 13, 1956 l M23 wgomkbo T N w w m MNRM E mcoEA ,r 5 0 R R F MR Q m r WK A A FAGNC O m m m AL V MMMM cH Y B w May 2, 1961 E. F. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL 2,982,810

PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT Filed Dec. 15, 1956 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 LINE PAG E KEYBOARD QBFT'EOL REPERFORATOR SIGNAL LINE.

PRINTER R E P E R FORATOR SIGNAL LINE 2 SIGNAL LINE l INVENTOR EDWARD F. KLE/NSCHM/DT CARL P. ANDERSON H/LD/NG A. ANDERSON CLAYTON H. CLARK BY DAV/0 C- SHERR/CK 29 Mo MATToRNEYs REPERFORATOR transmitting equipment of this nature.-

Un d States P tent 7 2,982,810 PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT Edward F. Kleinschmidt, Wilmette, Carl P. Anderson, Evanston, Hilding A. Anderson, Lake Zurich, Clayton H. Clark, Mundelcin, and David C. Sherrick, Northbrook, 111., assignors to Smith-Corona Marchant Inc., a corporation of New York Filed Dec. 13, 1956, Ser. No. 628,110

34 Claims. (Cl. 178-4) This invention relates to printing telegraph equipment and systems therefor and has particular reference to transmission and reception mechanisms for such systems 'wherein is employed the well known five unit Baudot code. 1 With the increasing use of interofiice telegraphy' and integrated data processing systems, it is advantageous to transmit the units of a code group in simultaneous form overa plurality of wires. By using simultaneous transmlssion, less complex and higher speed translators can be used at the various receiving machines. Along with the use of simultaneous transmission systems, above referred 'tures such as a space counter to monitor the number of character and space transmissions and a tabulating mechanism for convenient transmission of tabulated signal groups for columnar printing. A translating mechanism capable of receiving and translating either form of signals, sequential or simultaneous, which can be transmitted by the keyboard transmitter is incorporated for disclosure purposes in a reperforator structure. Controls between the keyboard transmitter and the receiving translator enable various combinations of'transmission and reception and primary control of the coordination of operation between the keyboard andtranslator rests in one or the other, dependent upon the form or forms of signal transmission and the form of signal reception dictated by the switching control system. b

Accordingly, a primary object of this invention resides in the provision of a novelrtelegraph keyboard transmitter adapted to the transmission of either or both simultaneous and sequential forms of the Baudot or similar codes.

Another object'of this'invention resides in the provision of a novel receiving mechanism adapted to the reception of eitherof the above simultaneous or sequentialcodes.

. A further object resides in providing novel coordinated means between a keyboard. transmitter and a'receiving" printer which will result in a-freer feeling to the useof' the keyboard than is normally encountered in prior art fItis a still further object to provide aswitching whereby a number'of rela'ted telegraph units may beused in conjunctionwith the equipment of thisinvention to provide a large number of different forms of operation 'and.thus greatlyincreasethe versatilityof thi' 'nvention over prior .art forms;

yst m Still another object resides in providing a novel combination of a keyboard transmitter capable of transmitting either or both sequential and simultaneous code'units and a printer to receive either sequential or simultaneous code units. As a corollary to this object the novel printer can be embodied in a printing reperforator. This combination can be arranged so the keyboard concurrently transmits sequential signals to a line and simultaneous signals to a local printer or the novel combination can be so arranged that the manipulable speed of keyboard operation is limited only by the speed of the novel receiving mechanism in the printer. I

A further object resides in the provision of,a novelkeyboard transmitter with provisions to transmit sequential code signals and/or simultaneous code signals to. areceiver in which the start and stop control during any sequential transmission is in the keyboard and duringsolely simultaneous transmission by the keyboard is partially in the receiver.-

Further objects reside in the provision of novel keyboard transmitter components to enable trouble free. simultaneous transmission. A novel two position simultaneous switch bank, novel plug in printed circuits for the switch bank and novel sliding switch contacts are some of the inventive components developed in the simultaneous transmission mechanism of the keyboard. transmitter.

Y A still further object resides in the provision of a novel solenoid controlled transmitter stop mechanism. This solenoid control enables multiple unit parallel control of the transmitter stop mechanism and thus leads to the novel f coordination between the keyboard, its space counting and tabulating mechanism and the novel receiving mechanism whereby the transmitter stop mechanism can be actuated by the transmitter, the tabulating mechanism or the receiver dependent upon the control system desired.

Another object resides in the provision ofnovel tabulating mechanism, structurally andfunctionally cooperating with a keyboard transmitter to enable rapid-transtransmission when the indicator mechanism reaches a; selectable predetermined space indicia position. As pre-. viously noted, this tabulation and indicating mechanism" control of transmission is enabled through parallel circuitry tothe novel solenoid controlled transmitter stop mechanism;

Further novel features and other objects of this'inven-f tion ivill become apparent from the followingdetailed description'discussion and the appended claims taken conjunction with the accompanying drawings showing preferred structures andembodiments, in which:

Figure 1 is a'schematic d lineation of the keyboard'bf; this invention, illustrating both sequential and simultane-f ous transmitters;

' Figure 2 illustrates details of the sequential transmitter; includin g the solenoid transmitter stop mechanism; v Figure 3 isa: perspective view illustrating parts of the sequential'transrnittef as viewed from the rear of the key-' board transmitter andshows the transmitter stop cam and" P latch and the lock solenoid mechanism;

1 Figure 14' schernatically illustrates 'the I transmitterswitch'operatedby the code bars;

Figure 5 isa "perspectiveview of the simultaneous? simultaneous 3. transmitter switch showing the connection between one code bar and its associated sliding switch member;

Figures 6A, 6B and 6C are, respectively, bottom, side and, top views of the simultaneous switch plug-in printed circui Figure, 7 is a detail perspective view ofthe contact struc-' ture and part of the code plates used in the sequential and iml lt ncous. receiving mechanism;

Figure 8 is a detail section view of the contact wipers usedQwith the contact structure shown in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is an elevation view illustrating the various units of, the sequential and simultaneous receiving and selecting mechanism of the printing reperforator of this invention;

FigurelO is a plan view of the receiving mechanism printed circuit plate used with the contact structure of Figure 7;

Figure 11', is asimplified perspective view of the operating components of the receivingand selecting mechanism;

Figure 12 is a, perspective view, partially. cutaway, illustrating the unitary solenoid structure and Y-levers ofthe simultaneous receiver;

Figure 13 is a section view throughthe solenoid upper block taken on line 13,13 ofiFigure 12. and illustrates the position relationship of" the solenoid plunger bores and the central bore for the, lead-in wires to the solenoid coils;

Figure v14 is a schematic vertical section through the unitary solenoid structure, illustratingthe magnetic circuits of the simultaneous receiver and used in the descrip tion of the magnetic detent action foreach plunger position;

Figure 15 is a simplified upper front perspective of the keyboard illustrating details of the space counter and tabulating mechanism with coordinating structure and circuits;

Figure 161is a diagram of suitable interconnecting circuits of the keyboard transmitter and reperforator of this invention, enabling switching control to change systems of transmission and reception;

Figure 17 is a diagrammatic illustration representing the.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION? The equipment embodied in this invention consists of a. telegraph keyboard basically similar to thatdisclosed in. E. E. Kleinschmidt et al. applicationSN. 241,916, now Patent'No.. 2,773,931,.for PrintingTelegraph Apparatus, with a keyboard operated sequential code unit transmitter substantially similar to that. disclosed in the E.- F. Kleinsclimidt et al. US. Patent No. 2,754,364. As disclosed.

in... the aforementionedpatents, ,pressingof a key moves five: permutation bars to left and right hand positions indicative of .space '(no.-c'urrent)..and. mar (current) conditions of the code.- Asixth .baris. invariably moved to the right by the pressingof a. key and is instrumental inreleasing a transmitter camshaft; to make one-halhrevolution. presented in sequential order to six cam followers and-the cam followers areconditioned, by the'permutated positions oflthe code bars, to allow one-or. the other of their 1 ends to be. raised by the passageof the. associated". cam

lobes. This selectedraising. ofoneor. the other ends of As thecarnshaft revolves, six' cam lobes arealfbllower. causes. an electrical contact to: be closed or opened to provide a sequenceof timed. currentorzno-current. electrical conditionsftobe transmitted over asingle,

. wire line. Sevenof the se pulses...make up a code signal for. each of thirty-two difierent, combinations the first ,4 pulse is always one of no-current, the succeeding five pulses are permutatively selective and the seventh pulse is invariably a current pulse. After the camshaft has made one-half revolution, in which time the seven pulses are transmitted, it is stopped and will be ready for the next key to be depressed for transmission of the next code signal. The. speed of the transmitter camshaft is synchronized with the receptive speed of the associated telegraph equipment and is normally in the order of -Words per minute. Using the transmitter, as briefly described above, sequential signals may be sent out on the line and the message may be monitored on a local page printing machine such as the one disclosed in aforementioned Patent No. 2,773,931. i

It has been found that for more economical use of line time and for smoother operation of the receiving equipment, it is advantageous to store the messages, produced by the keyboard, for future transmission. Message storage can be accomplished in various ways, e.g., holes punched in a paper strip or magnetic spots on a steel tape.

In the present invention, storage of. messages is performed by a perforator which prints a type character and punches code holes in the tape. The perforato'r hastwo coordinated receiving mechanisms, one of which. is adapted to receive incoming sequential signals from a line and the. other of whichxis' adapted to receive simultaneous signals directly from the keyboard. The new keyboard transmitter, of the present invention includes the basic keyboard structure of the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 2,754,364 but the left side of the keyboard transmitter includes a simultaneous switch mechanism which is controlled by themovement of thecode bars. Each code bar will move a switch member to the left or right according to the code condition, then. simultaneously completing a group of permutated mark or space connections to a solenoid. structure at the perforator, which is adapted to these simultaneous circuits and will operate to translate the code to mechanical, conditionsandrecord it on. the taper When the equipment is used for only simultaneous transmission and reception, the'perforator may be. operated" at a speed greater than the normal typing speed so the typist may manipulate the keyboard in the same free manner asused inioperating. an electric typewriter. This feature constitutes quite anadvantage particularly whenthe message is beingstored for future transmission on a single line and especially for operatorswho are not used to the restrictedspeed of a conventional tele-- graph keyboard.

The coded tape, which contains the stored message, may be subsequently fedto a tape transmitter, a suitable transmitterbeing disclosed in. the E. F. Kleinschmidt US. Patent application S.N. 399,548, filed Dec. 21, 1953, now Patent No. 2,923,769., whereinthe. coded tape is read and sequential signals placed on the transmission line. These outgoing signals may'be monitored by the local.

per-forator through its sequential receiver or they may be monitoredby a local page printer in which case the perforator willbe free to record. incoming messages or restore further messages from the local keyboard.

The sequential receiver of the perforator includes the conventional single relay receiver; with selecting levers,

Y-levers-andtransfer T-levers similar to-receiving struc-. ture shown in the above referred to US. Patent No. In this invention, the sequential. receiver.

2,773,931. cooperates with associated mechanismto translate the incomingsequentialpulses into simultaneous-switch positions which in turn operate-the simultaneous receiver of the: perforator which hasi beenbriefiy referred to;

Using the mechanisms of.'this:invention,.as-briefly de-- scribed above, ia numberrof forms of operation are possibl thermost useful ones being-listed'belowz 'f (l) The'keyboard sequential;transmittencan'be used tosend directly tojthe signa'l line;-.- 7 xi (2); TheperforatoltTcan receive a: message direc'tlyJ from the signal line and punch and,print tape'.."

J (3) The keyboard transmitter and the perforator can be connected in series so that a message originating at the keyboard will be recorded by the perforator in punched and printed form.

(4) A page printer and the keyboard can be connected in series and wired into one line; the perforator and transmitter-distributor can be connected in seriesand wired into a second line. With this arrangement the keyboard transmitter can be used to send a message on one line while the page printing mechanism types a page copy of the message and the transmitter-distributor can be used to send a message on the other line while the perforator monitors the message.

(5) The keyboard simultaneous transmitter may be wired in parallel with a number of local data processing or other business machines and the perforator can moni tor the data or message on punched and printed tape.

Other forms of operation may suggest themselves from the above brief description and from the detailed description which follows:

THE KEYBOARD TRANSMITTER As schematically represented in Figure 1, a transverse code bar 20, which is one of five contained in the keyboard transmitter, as basically disposed in Patent No. 2,754,364, is shown in its right hand position, having been moved there or selected by the downward motion of a key lever 22 acting against the sloping surface 24 of an associated notch in code bar 20. At the righthand end of the upper edge of code bar 20, a notch 26 receives the lower end 28 of a sensing lever 30 (one of five) which is pivoted on a post 32 fixed to the keyboard frame. Each sensing lever 30 has an upwardly extending finger 34 with a lateral end projection 36 serving as a latch for an associated selector lever 38 (of which there are five) to be described. In the illustrated position of code bar 20, its sensing lever 30 has been moved counterclockwise on pivot post 32 to place the end latch projection 36 in engagement above a cooperating latch shoulder 40 of the selector lever 38. Selector lever 38 has an inverted U-shaped portion 42, at its left hand end, mounted upon a square shoe 44 which in turn is pivoted on a fixed post 46. The U-shaped end portion 42 slides easily up and down upon square shoe 44 and is biased downwardly by a spring 48 attachedto one of the depending legs 50 of the U-shaped portion 42. Disposed on the bottom between the ends of the lever 38 is a V-shaped cam follower 52 to be engaged by a cam lobe 54 of a cam 56, of which there are five, which in turn is carried on a shaft 58- and rotated in a clockwise clockwise by a spring 68. The rocking member left hand end 62 overlies the upper projections 60 of all five selector levers 38. On top of end 62 of rocking member 64 is an insulated electrical contact 70 connected to a source of positive electrical potential. A mating electrical contact, shown schematically by the arrow 72 in Figure 1, is above rocking member contact 70,'the pairof contacts being normally open. Connection is made from contact 72 to the signal line. As will be understood from this description, with the levers 30 and 38 in the positions indicated, each time the cam lobe 54 passes the follower 52 it will press upwardly on the lever 38 at this mid-point, As the right hand end 40 of the illustrated selector lever 38 is latchedby the latch end 36 of sens ing lever 30, the selector lever end 40 cannot rise. The.

' .To stop the camshaft 58 after a codeg'roup is trans I left end 42 of the selector lever-38 will therefore rise?" against the bias of spring 48, sliding on the 'shoe 44: Projection 60 engages end 6210f rocking member .64}? Contact will be raisedto engage ,the contact 72 andla (5L short duration pulse of current will be transmittedover the signal line. Had the code bar 20 been moved toward the left rather than the right, the sensing lever 30 would be moved clockwise and the associated lever 38 would not be latchedat 40. Under this latter condition the cam lobe 52 will raise the righthand end of the selector lever 38, the lefthand end being held down by spring 48, and consequently the contacts 70 and 72 will not be engaged and no current pulse will be transmitted.

The above described sequence is the basis for transmitting one bit of the Baudot code. Each time a key lever is depressed a sequence of five of these bits is sent, the transmitting mechanism being initiated by the moving to the right of a universal bar 80, the end of which can.

be seen in Figure 2. Universal bar strikes an adjusting screw 82 at the lower end of a locking lever latch 84 which is pivoted on a fixed stud 86 and biased clockwise by a'spring 88. An arcuate surface 90 on the locking lever latch 84, above its pivot, has its center on the pivot axis. A bent extension 91 on the righthand end of a cam stop lever 92, is disposed to normally rest on the arcuate surface 90 of the locking lever latch 84. Cam stop lever 92 is fixed on a pivotally mounted post 94 and has a pawl end 96 which can be disposed in the path of a stop tooth 98 on a cam 100 fixed on the end of rotatable camshaft '58. Camshaft 58 is frictionally driven and will be held against rotation by engagement of the cam stoplever'pawl 96 with the cam stop tooth 98. However,

when the universal bar 80 is moved to the right, the locking lever latch 84 is pivoted counterclockwise to remove arcuate surface 90 from under the cam stop lever 92 which, being biased clockwise by a spring (not shown); rotates out of blocking position with cam stop tooth 98 and the camshaft 58 is released to make one-half a revolu'tion. During this one-half a revolution, five cam lobes 54 plus a sixth cam lobe (not shown) sequential engage.

and move past cam followers 52 of six selector levers 38 to transmit a sequential code combination. The sixth selector lever 38' is always latched at its righthand end in their selected positions by the spring biased dropping of a sensing lever latching bail 142, pivoted on the post 46, and activated by a cam lobe 144 of a further cam 146 fixed on the camshaft 58. A cam follower 148 on latching bail 142 drops olf the cam lobe 144, which movement causes a blade 150 at the end of latching bail 142 to drop onto the ends of the sensing levers 30. These ends have I projections 152 which will take positions on one side or the other of the path of movement of latching bail blade 150 so that the sensing levers 30 are locked according to code bar position, until the latching bail lever 142 is raised near the end of one half revoluton of the camshaft 58. The locking of sensing levers 30 also locks code-bars 20 which in turn will prevent any other key-' lever 22 from being depressed before the end of one cycle;

. The above described means totransmit a code is well' known in the art and reference can be made to the afore-- mentioned Patents No. 2,754,364'and 2,773,931 for various details of such a transmitter.

and allow the locking leverlatch surface 90'tobe pivoted underneath the cam stop lever92 by the spring 88. In;- the machine now being disclosed and described, anovel;

used and is an; I

means vto restore the camstop lever 92 is important feature of this invention. 2'

rnitted, the cam stop lever, 92 is pivoted by the action of "a restoring solenoid 102. When solenoida102 is'energ1aeditsshaft104 and a fixed' link arm a ssembly-10 a re turned counterclockwise. Solenoidoperatedlfmoveniept In the prior art, machines, the cam stop lever 92 is restored to its latching position by a cam fixed on the shaft 58 which operates, before the end of a cycle, to pivot the cam stop lever 922 7 of link arm 106, through a pivoted connection 108 with an actuating link 110, will pull link 116 to the left. The actuating link 110. turns a stop latch cam 112, on a fixed pivot post, through the cam arm 114 which'causes a cam lobe 116 to engage a cam follower 118 fixed to depend from the bottom of the cam stop lever 92. Movement of the stop latch cam follower 118 forces the cam stop lever 92 to pivot about the axis of post 94 to restore its pawl 96 into the camshaft stopping position. The cam stop lever 92 is then held in this restored position by the locking lever latch 84 or bya repeat blocking lever 120 so the stop tooth 98 on the transmitter cam 100 again engages and is held from rotation by the cam stop lever 92.v

When the lower end 91 of the cam stop lever 92 drops, upon movement of the locking. lever latch 84 at the start of a transmission the repeat blocking lever 120, pivoted on the stud 86 and attached to the locking lever latch 84 by a spring which biases it in a counterclockwise direction, is caught in back of the cam stop lever end 91. This occurs because the repeat blocking lever 12% extends a few thousandths of an inch higher than the locking lever latch arcuate surface 94 When the cam stop lever 92 is pivoted counterclockwise by the action of restoring solenoid 102, if the. key is held down and prevents return movement of the locking lever latch 84,.the' repeat blocking lever 120 is pulled under the cam stop lever end 91 by the above mentioned spring. This cooperation holds the cam stop lever 92 in position to catch the tooth 98 on the transmitter cam 190 to stop rotation of the shaft '58, and avoid any inadvertent repeat transmission of a code signal.

After the key lever 22 is released, spring 88 on the locking lever latch 84 pulls the latch clockwise to its cam stop blocking position and the universal bar SO'is pushed to the left. If the key lever 22 is released earlier, that is, before the cam stop lever 92 is restored, the cam stop lever 92 becomes latched directly by the locking lever latch surface 90, rather'than by the repeat blocking lever 120. a e

The restoring solenoid 162 is energized through the switch mechanism shown at the righthand side in Figure 3 and located at the rear of the transmitter mechanism. A cam follower 126 is pivotally supported on ashaft 128 mounted on the rear of the transmitting mechanism, and has an extension 130 upon which is mounted aninsulated contact 132. The follower 126 rides the surface of a cam 134 on the rear end of the transmitting cam shaft 58 and is caused to turn clockwise as viewed in Figure 3, by the diametrically opposed camlobes 136. When the key lever 22 is depressed, and the cam stop lever 92 is moved. out of the way to allow the transmitter camshaft 58 to rotate, the cam follower 126 is onthe low part of the cam 134-.

After the camshaftSd-hais rotated a small amount, the cam' and particularly from. thedescription of. the operation of the sensinglevers locking means (bail 142), which locks the "code bars, that the speed at which an operator may type a message is limited by the speed of rotation of the camshaft'ss, which is normally around 60 words per-minnte. Fora skillful typist, this speed limit is an incon-' venience which has been overcome under specific operas tional conditionsbycertain mechanism incorporated in this invention and which will presently be described.

or smULrANnousconB j i. f TRANSMISSION. r sIGN Ls.

The:teletypewriter}eguipmenfl. which is thesubjecf tliis -invention-i'uses *the" same general form of five-unit 8 i teletypewriter code for simultaneous operation as is used forsequential operation, an important difference being that time is not a factor. Changing the mechanicalIcode bar setting of the keyboard to a simultaneous electrical setting is accomplished by closing electrical contacts to one circuit for a marking impulse and to a different ctr.- cuit for a spacing impulse, with two circuits provided for each of the five code impulses. This is shown schematically in Figure 4-.

To accommodate the two circuits for each of the five code impulses, an eleven-wire connection is required between the simultaneous sending unit and the simultaneous receiving'unit. After the marking or spacing circuits for the five units of the code are closed, the circuits energize solenoids in a receiving mechanism, to be hereinafter described.

Simultaneous signals, originating at the simultaneoustransmitter mechanism of the keyboard transmitter, are received only by simultaneous receiving mechanism of the perforator of the specific illustrated embodiment. This means of sending is used only when printing on and perforating tape to record messages originating at the keyboard transmitter. It is to be understood however that this invention is not limited to the specific illustrated structure shown, but may be used in other forms falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Now returning to Figure l as a reference, the origination of the simultaneous operation takes place at the lefthand side of the keyboard transmitter. The same code bars 20, which are used to set up the sequential code, set up the simultaneous code. The sequential signal is sent to a signal 'line and the simultaneous signal is sent to the perforator- When a key lever 22 is depressed, each code bar is. shifted either to the left or to the right, depending on whether a marking or a spacing impulse is being set up. The movement of each code bar Ztipivots an associated corresponding switch arm 154 in a switch arm assembly at the lefthand side: of the keyboard. Each arm 154 has a circulartip 156 which engages a notch158 provided in the le-fthand upper edge of the code 'bar 29. There are five switch arms 154- pivoted on the frame at 16% and these switch arms operate like bell cranks with a rightw'ardly projecting arm 162 having a circular tip 164- which is operatively associated with a slot 166 in a sliding switch member 168. If the code group requires the first impulse to be a marking impulse, the first code bar. is shifted tothe right, pivoting the first switch arm 154 to the right; if the second impulse is to be a spacing impulse, the second code bar is shifted to the left, pivoting the secondswitch arm to the left. The other three switch arms are positioned the same way.

,- The bell crank action of switch'arms 154 causes projections 162 to assume upward and downward positions to move and position the five associated sliding switch members 168 accordingly Sliding switch members 168 are made from material which is electrically conductive and are insulated from the arm projection 162 by a dielectric shoe 170 disposed in slot 166. Each dielectric shoe 170 has a notch 172 to receive the circular tip 164 of switch arm projection 162. Each sliding switch'member 168 is biased ina' counterclockwise direction, about the switcharm projection tip 164 as a pivot, by springs 173 which press the sliding contact end 17 tof'member 163 against associated fixed contacts which will presently be described:

All of the sliding switch members 168 are connected;

through their springs 173 to a common positive potential.

, mounted on the block 180 by screws19tl, only one of;

With reference now to Figures 5 and 6, further details" of'the simultaneous switch will be described. The five sliding" switch members 168 are guided in an insulatingblock by channels 182. This block- 186 is attached'to' a rigid boss 184 of the machine frame by screws 186. A bracket 188 to which the springs 173 are attached is also Y has been described, therestoring solenoid102 is ener j 3:: Five socket connectors 192 are fixed' through the block 180 on each side of the group of channels 182 and each of the socket connectors 192 has a terminal 194 projecting out of the bottom of the block, to provide two sets of five posts to which are attached the five mark and five space circuit lines. In order to complete a connection between a contact tip 174 of a sliding switch member 168 and either a mark or a space terminal 194, there is provided a plug-in switching plate 196, details of which are illustrated in Figures 6A, 6B and 6C. The plate 196 is made of insulating material and has on its top surface, Figure 6C, a printed circuit generally indicated at 198. Two side rows of plug pins 200 are fixed through plate 196, and are projected out ofthe bottom in an arrangement permitting plug-in cooperation with socket connectors 192. The printed circuit 198 connects the ten plug pins 200 with ten contacts 202 arranged in two parallel lines of five across the center of the plate 196, Figure 6A. The bottom ends ofcontacts 202 have flattened edges 204 (Figure 6A) to prevent them from turning within slots 206 formed in the bottom of plate 196, and the bottom surfaces of contacts 202 are flush with the bottom of the plate. Pins208 (Figures 6B and 6C), of which the contacts 202 are a part, project through the plate 196 where they make electrical contact with the printed circuit 198. 'It can thus be seen that when circuit plate .196 is plugged into the sockets 192 (Figure the two transverse rows of contacts 202 will be positioned above the two positions of the sliding switch member contact tips 174 which are pressed against one or the other of associated ones of these contacts 202 by the resilient biasing force of springs 173, as has been previously explained.

It follows then that in the marking position, the sliding contact tip 174 of a sliding switch member 168 cooperates with an upper circuit on the switch plate 196. In the spacing position the sliding contact tip 174 '00- operates with a lower circuit on the switch plate 196. Thus one circuit of the simultaneous transmitter mechv anism is closed for marking impulses and one circuit is closed for spacing impulses for each of the five units of the code. The eleventh line 210 is a common or return line for all ten circuits, connected to the sliding member spring bracket 188 as has been described.

After a coded group of the circuits in the simultaneous transmitter mechanism have been set up, such circuits' are energized to send impulses through the five sliding switch members 168 and associated mark or space'circuits to the receiving mechanism of the perforator. This is accomplished by a switch behind the keyboard which will now be described. i 1

Referring to Figure 3, each time a code group is set upby depressing a key vlever 22, the universal bar 80 moves the locking lever latch 84, which causes the camstop lever 92 to pivot counterclockwise out of the way of stop tooth 98 of the stop cam on the transmitter camcauses clockwise .rotation of switch arm 216[which;;per-' mits contacts 220 and 222,-to become closed. Contacts 222 control the connectionof-a'positive potential on the lin'e210 which is common to, all slidingswitch arms 1168 to restore the camstop lever 92, hence the switch actuate ing lever 212 will rotate the switch arm 216 to, permit both sets of contacts 220 and 222 to open, contacts 222 opening the simultaneous circuit.

When a message is being recorded by the reperfor'ator receiving simultaneous signals originating at the keyboard transmitter, and the keyboard transmitter is not being used to send sequential signals to the signal line at the same time, the transmitter camshaft 58 need not rotate. To prevent the unnecessary rotation of the transmitter shaft 58 at this time, a camshaft lock solenoid 224 (Figures 3 and 16) is employed and is energized all of the time a control switch 551 (Figure 16) is in No. 1 or keyboard position. When lock solenoid 224 is energized, its shaft 226 turns clockwise, as viewed in Figure 3, and rotates an attached cam arm 228. The cam am 228, through an abutting connection 230, rotates a lockup lever 232 which is pivoted at 234 on the keyboard frame. A pawl end 236 of lockup lever 232 moves into the path of a lockup plate 238 on the transmitter camshaft 58, engages a tooth 240 of the lockup plate 238, and prevents rotation of transmitter shaft 58. It is to be understood that the tooth 240 is always in position to be engaged by the pawl 236 when the solenoid 224 is energized as this is the normal stop position of the transmitter camshaft 58.

Because of the condition, as described above, where the transmitter shaft 58 does not rotate when the keyboard is sending only simultaneous signals, it follows that pulsing of the restoring solenoid 102 by the action there is no time lag necessary between key lever depressions to allow for the half revolution of the transmitter camshaft 58 to be completed. Thus the operating speed and rhythm of the keyboard is controlled by the speed of the perforator which can be much faster than an operator normally types.

THE KEYBOARD SPACE COUNTER AND TAB-ULATOR Associated with the keyboard of this invention is a space counting and tabulating mechanism illustrated in Figure 15 with some specific details illustrated in Figures 2 and 16. One purpose of the mechanism is to indicate to the operator the number of characters and spacestransmitted subsequent to the preceding carriage return signal and also to indicate the character position with. respect to the end of the line so that proper syllabic word breaks can be made before the end of a line is reached. It alsoenables an operator to transmit tabulation signal groups to page printers to facilitate typing of characters in columnar form; and to prepare perforated tape with tabulation indicia for future transmission to page printers.

In Figure 15, an indicator carriage 560 is mounted on a spirally grooved drive shaft-562 which is located and journalled in suitable bearings above the top row of keys 22. Projections inside the bore 564 of the indicatorcarriage 560 ride in the spiral groove 566 of shaft 562 and, as shaft 562 rotates counterclockwise, cause the (contacts 220 are fora purpose to be later described in f conjunction with the function of the simultaneous re-i ceiver) and thus energize the simultaneous circuit. ,As

indicator carriage 560 to'be moved to the right. A

pointer"568 mounted on carriage 560 lines up' with an appropriate indicating division 570 on a calibrated scale seen bythe operator. 1 v

J Grooved indicator .driveJshaft 562 is rotated ;by-a ratchet pawl 574 and tside-face ratchet wheel 576 at the righthand; emit of the. shaft 562.; The pawl 514's ro WW I . 11 tatably mounted on a stud 578 in the end of a lever 586 and the lever-530 in turn is rotatably mounted on a post 582 fixed to the keyboard frame. Pawl 574 is held against the face of ratchet Wheel 576 by a spring 584 connected between an extension arm 586 integral with the pawl 574 and a post 568 on the lever 580. The lever 580 is itself biased in a clockwise direction by a spring 590 connected between the post 588 and a spring anchor (not shown) on the machine frame. Projecting rearwardly from lever 580 is a cam follower post 592 which tides on the stop latch earn 112. The length of post 592 is greatly exaggerated in Figure 15 to enable illustrationvof details and its position is also shown in indicator shaft 562 will rotate clockwise under power of coil spring 594 to return the indicator carriage 560 to Figure 2. When restoring solenoid 102 is energized to restore the transmitting mechanism, as has been previously described, stop latch cam 112 is rotated about its pivot causing a cam lobe113 to act through cam follower post 592 to raise the lever 580 which lifts the pawl 574 and turns the ratchet wheel 576 an angular distance equal toone'tooth space. Indicator drive shaft 562 is thus turned and its spiral groove 566, acting on theprojections inside the indicator carriage 560, will move the indicator carriage 560 to the right one character space. Pawl 5'74 releases the ratchet tooth on its return or downward stroke (caused by counter-clockwise. rotation of thecam 112 when the solenoid 102 is deenergized); V 7

As shaft 562 is turned counter-clockwise to index the counter, a clock'type coil spring 594, at the left end of the shaft, is wound up. This spring 594- has the inner end 596 attached to the shaft 562 and its outer end attached to'a post 598 on the frame. To prevent clockwise rotation of shaft 562 while pawl 574 is being returned or lowered to the next tooth engaging position, a ratchet wheel detent 600, mounted on a fixed post 662, is biased against. the ratchet wheel 576 by a spring 694. Each time the ratchet is rotated a tooth space, detent 600 is cammed out of engagement behind a ratchet tooth and then pulled back behind the next tooth by spring 604. The winding of the clocktype coil spring 594 stores the power required to return the indicator carriage 560 to its start of line position when a carriage return key 666 is depressed.

In order to free the ratchet 576 to allow spring 594 to rotate shaft 562 clockwise for carriage return, both the ratchet pawl 574 and the ratchet detent 600 must be moved out of engagement with the ratchet wheel teeth. This is accomplished as follows: A transverse carriage return bar'608, slidabiy mounted above the key'levers on posts 610 and 612, has a depending leg 614 disposed adjacent the carriage return key lever 616. The end of leg 614 is formed as a foot 618 with an angular side 620 which is engaged by the key lever 616, whenever the carriage return key 666 is depressed, causing the carriage return bar 668 to be cammed to the right. An upwardly extending finger 622 on the lefthand end of carriage re turn bar 668 engages the left side of the ratchet detent 600and rotates the detent out of engagement with the ratchet Wheel 576. Located in parallel arrangement be-. hind the carriage return bar 608 is a function blocking bar 624 urged to the left by a spring 625, also slidably mounted on posts 6i0and 612, and operatively con: nected to the carriage return bar 608 by a post 626,. fixed inthe carriage return bar 663 and projecting into an elongate opening 630 in-the function blocking bar 624. Function blocking bar 624 also. has an upwardly extending finger 632 which isadapted to engage the left side of the ratchet pawl 574. When carriage return bar 603 isrnoved to the right, post 626 engages the end of the start of the line.

It will be noted that the carriage return bar 608 has a notch 634 in the top edge at its lefthand end, which notch is engaged by a detent 636 when the bar 608 has been moved to itsrighthand position. The detent 636 is on one arm of a two-armed lever 644 mounted on pivot 638 and is biased clockwise by a spring 640 connected to an upwardlyprojecting arm 642. When the carriage return key 606-is manipulated, the carriage return bar 608 will always be latched in its righthand position so that releasing of the carriage return key before com pletion of the return of the indicator carriage 560 will not allow the pawl 574 and detent 606 to stop its return to the start of the line. When the indicator carriage 560 reaches its start of line position the carriage body will strike the end 666 of the upper lever arm 642 and rotate the latch lever 644 counter-clockwise to unlatch the bar 668. The top end 646 of the lever arm 642 will be swung far enough to the left to be struck by a pin 643 fixed in the shaft 562 which stops rotation of the grooved shaft 562 and stops the return movement of indicator carriage 566 at'the exact start of line position. 7 As spacingis not desirable for certain key operated functions, the coded transmission of which is necessary when the message is transmitted to a page printer, the indicator carriage spacing function must be disabled during manipulation of these certain keys. The function blocking bar 624, described above, serves this purpose by the provision of depending legs'650', one for each ofthe function keys, e.g., Letters, Figures and Line Feed. These depending legs650 are identical to the leg 614 onthe carriage return bar 608 and whenever one of the above mentioned function keys is depressed, the function bar 624 will be cammed to the right to cause the upstanding finger 632 to engage and rotate the ratchet pawl 574'to the right and away from the ratchet wheel 576 so when the arm 580 and ratchetpawl 574 make their upstroke during the transmission of the code group signal for the function, grooved shaft 562 will not be rotatedand the indicator 568 will notbe indexed. A repeat key is provided in this invention to facilitate the transmission of repeated characters and is described and operates in the following manner: The key with part of its'rnech'anism may be seen at the righthand porthese bars; At the rear of the code bars 20, a bell crank opening 630 and shifts the function blocking bar 6241-" to the right, wherebyupstanding finger 632 moves, the ratchet'pawl 574 out of -,engagementwith the. ratchet lever 656 is rotatably mounted on a post 658 fixed in the keyboard frame and has a depending leg 660 angularly disposed under the key lever 652. Looking now at Figure 2, righthand arm 659 of hell crank lever 656 extends under a lefthandfextension 661, of the repeat blocking latch 120.' "The repeat blocking latch, 126 is biased counter-clockwise by its spring 121 and the biasing force of this spring alsoa'cts through extension 661 to. press the angular end660 of the bell crank lever 656 against the bottom of the-repeatkey lever 652.;

When the repeat key is depressed; theangnlar-end 660 of bell crank lever 656 will be camrned'to-the right and its righthand arm 659 will be raised torotate the repeat blocking latch'120'to anunblocking position. In this,

position the arm '92 which starts the sequentialv signal.

transmission andistops thesequential signal at theend ct acycle, will not berestored to and held in stopping position so long asitl ie univcrsalbar 80 is in its righthand position. It follows then; that, When any. character? or function key is, manipulated along with therepeat k 76 the sequential code signals for that'character or function will be repeated untileither that key or the repeat key is released; this is a necessary feature of'the tabulatlng mechanism which will now be disclosed.

THE KEYBOARD TABULATOR 1',

Again referring to Figure 15, a tab structure 664 is mounted at the top of the keyboard over the character and space indicating scale 572. This tab structure 664 includes a shaft 666 journalled at its ends in the keyboard frame and rotatably carrying in juxtaposition a plurality of tab stop levers 668, one above each division of the aforementioned indicating scale 572. Each tab stop lever 668 consists of a finger tab 670, a projecting stop 672, two detent notches 674 and 676 and a central aperture 678 through which passes theshaft 666 The tab stop levers 668 are mountedto rotate freely upon the shaft 666 and are held in unselected and selected positions by associated leaf spring tines 680, pressing in notch 674 or notch 676. An integral part of the tab structure 664 is a channel member 682'extending the full length of the tab structure and having projected ends 684 bent at right angles and containing bearing holes 686 in each end 684, permitting the channel member 682 to be rotatably mounted upon shaft 666. In the front and back sides of the channel 682 are a plurality of slots 688; equal'in number and spacing to the levers'668. The finger tabs 670 and stops 672 of levers 668 project through the front slots 688 and the portions of levers 668 having the detent notches 674 and 676 project through the slots 638 at the backof the channel. .The side edges of front and rear slots 688 will coact with the tab stop levers 668 to maintain the levers perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 666 and in correct relation to the index positions of thev scale- 572. A spring plate 690, with a plurality of depending frame for a purpose which will presently become I apparent.

Near the left end of the tab structure 664, and rotatably Rotation of operatinglever 702, which will cause tab structure 664 tov be rotated, is accomplished by rotation of a shaft 708 to which operating lever 702 is secured.

. Another lever arm 710i s also rigidlysecured to .shaft708 and has its end operatively connected to a tabulator bar- 712 by being disposed in av notch 714, provided iii-the post 728, has one end attached to the plate 730 and-,the other endv attached to a spring post 734 fixed in the indie cator carriage. Attached on the top of dielectric 'plate 730 is, an upright bracket 736 positioned so its path of movement during carriage translation causes it to engage any operatively projected stop 672 of selectedones of'the tab stop levers 668. The bracket 736 is mounted on plate 730 forward ofthe pivot axis of post 728 and, when a stop 672 of a selected tab stop lever is struck by bracket 736, as the indicator carriage 560 moves to the right, the dielectric plate 730 and attached post 728 will be rotated clockwise in cylinder 726 against the forceof the spiral spring 732. Mounted onthe portion of dielectric plate 730, and thus electrically isolated from the machine frame, is an electrical contact plate 738 having two integral spring finger contacts 740 and 742, i.e., bridging contacts. Directly behind this two finger contact structure are two'electrically conductive, transverse bars 744 and 746, insulated from each other, and from the machine frame, and connected in series with a line 748 and across the contacts 138 to the restoring solenoid 102 (see also Figure 16). Note, the normal position of dielectric plate 738 against anindicator carriage stop lu'g,1a's dictated by the biasing force of connecting spiral spring 732, will maintain the two finger bridging contacts 740 and 742 away from engagement with the conductive bars 744 and 746. However, if .at any position of the indicating carriage 560, the bracket 736 on the dielectric plate 730 engages a selected tab stop672, the plate 738 will rotate against spring biassothe two bridging fingers 740 and 742 engage and bridge respective conductive bars 744 and 746. Heving described the; mechanical structure of the character indicating and tabulating mechanism, its operation and use will now be explained.

. If, for example, an operator of this'equipmentwishesto transmit certain characters of a message which are to, be in columnar form indented from the lefthand margin by thirteen character divisions, the thirteenth tab stoplever 668 is pulled down (Figure; 15), the indicating pointer 568 being at zero-position.- In the normal posi-. tion of the tab structure 664, a selected tab stop 672 will be disposed above andtwill be cleared by the bracket 736 onthe dielectric plate 730 carried by the indicator carriage 560, but when the operator presses the repeat key lever 652 the whole tab structure 664 will turn counterclockwise throughthe operation of the linkagetrain from the rightwardly moving tabulating bar 712, operating lever finger 710, counterclockwise rotation of the levers 702 and 692, and the pullof spring 704. The selected tab stop- 672 is thusmoved into the path of the bracket 736 Following the pressing and holding of the repeat key lever .652, the space bar 750 is depressed which-moves universal bar 80;to;the right and starts transmission without repeat blocking. ,7 Space signals will berepeated and theindicatorcarriage 560 will move'to'the right until the tabulator bar. The tabulator bar 712 is slidably mounted 7 on the keyboard frame in. front of universal bar 80 and is biased to the left by a spring 716 connected between, a post 718 in bar 712 .andthe keyboard frame." This tabulator bar 712 hasha cutaway section. 720 normally disposed under all of the-k ey' levers, except-,therepeat key lever 652, so that any! one of them can be depressed without striking the barj712. .An angular side edge 722 of the tabulatorbarcutaway section 720 is directly under. neath the repeat keylever-652 so that depression of that. lever will engage thejangled edge 722 and cam the tabulator bar-712tothe right.-f-':. .95"

"Mounted in fixed relation upon the ,top of the indicator carriage 560 is anupstanding cylinder 726 within which isa-post 728, ifreely disposed .to turn within the cylinder and I hav n it u p r e jec d it m t e in en Y Qnfiq irca- 2% midi-fi d t e -w th t' sar e 730 of dielectric material. A spiral spring fig-surrppnds thirteenth positionis reached. As carriage 560 moves into the thirteenth position the bracket 736 on dielectric plate 730 willstrike the selected tab stop 672 and the spring finger -contacts.740 and 742 will be rotated up against the contact bars 744 and 746 to close a circuitfrom the battery to the restoring solenoid 102. The

indicator shaft 562, was incrementally rotated remove thecarriage 560 to the "thirteenth position by reason of the closing of the tabulatorcircuit across conductive bars 744 and 746 willliold thesolenoid 102 in energized conduction andthe' trans'rnitter cam stoplever'92 will be held. in its stop positionto prevent further repetition of space signals", Repeat transm ission .will thus cease at the thirteenth position dictated byselected tab stop ,67-2.

its spring 716. Lever 692 rotates the tab structure 664 clockwise, releasing the dielectric plate bracket 736 and the finger contacts 740 and 742 will move away from conductive bars 744 and 746 to open the circuit. The solenoid 102 will thus be de-energized and the keyboard and transmitter will be in normal position ready for start of the next signal transmission.

Subsequent signal are transmitted in the normal manher and when the carriage return key is depressed the indicator carriage 560 will return to the start of the line without interfering with the tab stop structure, where, after a line feed signal, the above process is repeated so long as tabular settings are desired.

Should the operator wish to type any line without V tabulation but wish to retain the tab stops in their selected positions, the tab structure 664 can be latched in its upper position. This is accomplished through the use of a latch lever 754 pivotally mounted at the left of the keyboard. Lever 754 has a latch end 756 to engage a notch 758 in the end 6840f the channel member 682. A manual control arm 760 on lever 754 projects forwardly and latch lever 754 is retained in either its latching or unlatched positions by a spring detent 762 coacting with detent notches 764 in the latchlever. When lever T54 is rotated clockwise to engage channel member notch 758 the tab structure 664 cannot turncounter-clockwise with lever 692, instead, the spring 704 will be stretched whenever the repeat key is operated; other than that the keyboard will operate in a normal manner.

' It is to be understood that any number of tab stops may be selected for the transmission of signals to create a plurality of columns, but the selected stops will be rendered operative only when the repeat key is employed. Any character signal may be repeated to cause the indicator carriage to move up to the tab stop position; function signals will not move the indicator carriage as hereinbefore explained, so they cannot be used to tabulate even though such signals would be automatically repeated, when the repeat key is employed. e 1

Carriage return signals cannot be automatically repeated due to the presence of the following blocking structure: Located on the tabulator bar 712 directly to the left of the carriage return key lever 616- is a stop 768 which is moved to a position underneath the carriage return key lever 616 when the repeat key is operated thus preventing manipulation of the carriagereturn key, This feature is desirable to prevent possible damage orat least to insure uninterrupted operation of the indicating mechanism under the following'unusal condition: When several tabs are being used andthe indicator carriage has passed the first set tab and characters are being repeated toward the next tab, and inadvertent-depression'of the carriage return key, if suchdepression were possible, would cause the indicator carriage to return'to a start of line position and the contact structure would strike the tab stop in the wrong direction with damage-to'the contact structure or tab stop, The indicator carriage under such conditions might be stopped at-the tab stop position while the page printer, which would be typing the trans mitted message, would be at the start of the line and the two machines would nolonger be in synchronization so far as character position is concerned. I

\ Having thus described a type of transmitter, with in dicating and tabulating mechanism, for sending either sequential-or simultaneous or both types of telegraph signals concurrently, a receiving mechanism for such rator of the nature referred to is disclosed in United States application Serial No. 472,076, filed November 30, 1954, to which reference may be made for details of typewheel, printing and perforating mechanism not illustrated herein. In order to mechanically utilize the electrical form of the received code signals the elements of the code must be converted into mechanical settings. US. Patent No. 2,754,361 discloses a' selector for, this purpose, components of which'are employed as subcomponents in the specific receiver embodiment of this invention. A very brief description of the sequential selector of this device, and its operation will now be given.

All of the receiving selector mechanism, both sequential and simultaneous, is located at one side of the reperforator'and the essential elements are shown in Figures 9 and 11. To receive sequentials'ignals, to be converted to mechanical settings, there is a selector magnet 244 with a movable armature 246. The winding selector of magnet 244 receives the sequential electrical pulses of the code combination andgthe armature is caused to move to one of two positions, depending on whether the impulse received is a marking'or a spacing impulse. Each of the five electrical impulses that comprise any code combination group is recorded in the form of clockwise or counterclockwise movement of five correspond ing Y-levers 248. This is accomplished through the use of five selector cam lobes 250 operating in conjunction with five selector levers 252 and thearmature 246. The five Y-levers 248 are mounted on a common pivot stud 254, the-five selector levers 252 are-mounted on a pivot stud 256 and the five selector cam lobes 250 are mounted in axially spaced relation on arotatable camshaft 258 with the cam lobes projecting at progressively olfset angles from the camshaft 258. One selector cam lobe 250 operates in conjunction with only one associated selector lever 252 and that lever with only one associated Y-lever 248. Thus there are five planes, one in back of the other, each containing a set of these three parts. The, end 260 of the selector magnet armature 246 is broad enough to engage all five selector levers. Each of these five sets of parts records one of the impulses of the five unit code. The first set records the first impulse, the second set the second impulse, etc.

During the time a marking impulse is received, the selector magnet armature blade 260 is moved into the path of a selector lever 252. Near the middle of this time period, the selector cam lobe 250' corresponding to the impulse being received will be rotating, willengage and raise the selector lever 252. As the armature blade 260, being positioned in the path of a selector lever 252,

prevents raising of the right end of the selector lever,

the selector lever is forced to rise at its left end by sliding on the bearing shoe 262. In so doing, the selector lever 252 pushes against the Y-lever 248 at its end 264, turning the Y-lever clockwise (unless it is already in that position). Further rotation of-the selector camshaft 258' selector magnet armature blade 260 is moved away from sequential and simultaneous signals 'willfnow begdisclosed.

RECEIVING MECHANISM ranraaroalarOm The receiver of this particular eiribodiment is known in the art as a reperforator, It willreceivc' a telegraph message from a wire; and translate the codelto 'typethe 1 message on afpfaper' tape and-at the same time' record the' code in the tape'by means of punched'hol'esr reperfol the selector levers 252' Near the'rniddle of; this time period, the rotating selector cam lobe 250? corresponding to the impulse being'received will engage. and raise the corresponding selector lever 252. The end 260' of the armature does not obstructthe righthand end of the selector lever 252, therefore the rightha-nd enfd is free to rise. In rising, the righthand e id ofthe selector lever 252 pushes up against, the end268 'of the Y-lever 248,

turning the Y-lever'counterclockwise (unless it is already in that position). A s'pacing' impulse is thus recorded in 1 the form ofthe counterclockwise position ofaY-lever.

The Y lever detent' 266 also holds the Y'-l ever; in the space position, f

-1-7 Io synchronize the. selector cam lobes 250 with the incoming electrical impulses, cam lobes 250 are set-into motion from a stopped position at the start of each code group and stopped at the end of each code group. The selector camshaft 258 ,is driven by a-drive shaft 270 through a friction clutch 272. Normally when no messages are being received, current flows in the windings of the selector magnet 244 and the camshaft 258'is prevented from turning by the interoperation ofthe selector magnet armature blade end 260, stop lever 274, and a camshaft stop plate 276. When moved to the left, the armature blade end 260 engages the stop lever 274 which in turn prevents the stop plate 276, and selector camshaft 258, from turning. When the start (no-current) impulse for a code group is received, the armature end 260 is moved to disengage the stop lever 274, releasing it and the stop plate 276; the selector camshaft 258 immediately starts to rotate, bringingthe first selector cam lobe 250 into engagement with its selector lever 252 by the time the next impulse of the code group (first bit) is received.

, Thereafter each of the remaining five selector cam lobes strikes its respective selector lever when the corresponding code bit is being received. All five cam lobes stop lever 274 to stop the camshaft 258. If further details of the sequential receiving structure is desired reference is made to US. Patent No. 2,754,361.

TRANSFER FROM SEQUENTIAL TO SIMULTANEOUS Five dielectric code plates 280 of a code actuated switch must be positioned according to the incoming sequential code group 'in order to convert the sequential form of the code group to a simultaneous form to be received by five solenoids for subsequent conversion to printed and punched tape. The incoming code group as stored in the Y-levers 248, by clockwise and counter-' clockwise settings, is transferred to the code plates 280 by mechanism to be now described.

Each code plate 280, at its lower end, carries a slotted metallic shoe 282 which mates with a corresponding tail 284 of one of five T-levers 286 all of which are mounted on a common pivot 288 carried on the end of a transfer lever 290. The five code plates 280 are mounted for reciprocation on two fixed posts 283 and 285 which pass through appropriate slots in the code plates. Turning a T-lever 286 on its pivot will cause its mating code plate 280 to move up or down. ed in the same planes as their corresponding Y-levers, and movement of the transfer lever 290 engages certain ones of the ends of the T-levers 286 with certain ones of the ends of the Y-levers 248. The ends 292 i and 294 of. the arms of T-levers 286 are spaced farther apart than associated ends 296 and 298 of Y-levers 248, therefore only one end of the T-lever can engage one end of a Y-lever at any time and the ends which engage will The T-levers are mount-- depend upon Y-lever position. When the transfer op- 1 mounted on the selector camshaft 258, trips a transfer lever trip latch 302 which 'holds transfer. lever 290.-in a lefthand position, and the transfer lever 290 is pulled clockwise by the transfer lever spring 304. The timing of the latch tripping cam 300 with respect to the five selector cams .250 and stop plate 274 is such that the tripping action takes place only after the Y-lever selecting operation is completed and before the selector camshaft 258 is stopped.

Each of the five code plates 280 is associated with one of five contact wipers 308, each of which is disposed in a cut-out 310 in the upper end of one code plate. With reference to Figures 7 and 8 for details, these contact wipers 308 are square in cross section and are bent in the shape of a W with the two ends 312 and 314 forming the wipers and the middle U-section 316 forming an anchor clip for a biasing spring 318. Each wiper 308 (Figure 7) slides within slot 320 of a guide block 322, one slot being provided for each wiper. Guide block 322 is fastened to a switch plate324 by screws 326. The width of block 322 (Figure 7) is narrower than thecut-outs 310 in the ends of code plates 280 to permit unobstructed movement of the code plateswhen they slide into mar and space positions. Biasing springs 318, one for each wiper 308, pass through an opening 328 in switch plate 324, through a hole 330 in a backing block 332 and are attached to an anchor bar-334 located at the rear of the hole 330.

The printed circuit switch plate 324, Figure 10, has two contact strips 336 and 338, disposed adjacent op.- posite side edges of opening 328, Wbichprovide the common contacts of the simultaneous circuit; These common contact strips 336 and 338 are connected and terminate at a pm 340. The arm 312 of the wiper 308 is associated with the common strip 336 and the arm 314 is associated with the common strip 338 and one or the other of the wiper arms 312, 314 always rests on one or the other of the common strips when the wiper 308 is in spacing or marking position. The printed switch plate 324 also provides two more contacts for each contact wiper, one (342) above the strip 336 and one (344) below the strip 338. These contacts have printed circuits which terminate at pins 346a, b, c, d and e, and

348a, b, c, and e. Thus when a code plate 280'is in the upper position (spacing), the lower arm 314 of the wiper 308 rides against the lower common contact strip 338 while the upper arm 312 rides against its associated contact 342, closing one circuit to the simultaneous selecting mechanism. In this manner, each code plate 280 closes one circuit, if the impulse it represents is a marking impulse, or closes a different circuitv if the impulse it represents is a spacing impulse. .7

A code actuated switch function shaft 350, Figures 9 and 11 performs three main functions: (1) It restores the transfer lever 290 and mechanism to its latched position; (2) it provides power to register and lock the code plates 280 in place and (3) it controls a switch which energizes the circuits of the simultaneous receiving mechanism, to

be later described.

Function shaft 350 is driven in a counterclockwise direction through a toothed clutch 352 at the righthand end of the shaft. Shown in Figure 11, a spur gear 354, carrying one part of clutch 352, is in constant rotation through its engagement with a driving gear 356 on the power shaft 270. The clutch 352 is engaged when the transfer operation takes place and is accomplished by the clockwise wise against the tension of the spring 304 and latched in this position by the transfer lever latch 302. A cam 36-2 at the lefthand end of the function shaft 350 operating on a roller 364, mounted on an extension arm of transfer lever 290, accomplishes this restoring action during a one-half revolution of the shaft 356 by camming the transfer lever 290" toward the restored position. Near the end of the one-half revolution, as the transfer lever moves into restoredposition, the transfer lever latch spring 366 pulls the transfer lever latch 302 into position to latch the transfer lever.

After the five code bits have been received by the sequential receiver, and the associated selector mechanism has caused the positioning of the five code plates 280, the plates 280 are registered. andlocked in place to align the contact Wipers 308 in their exact correct selected positions. As illustrated in Figure 11, this function is performed by the interoperation of. a cam 368 on the function shaft 350, a cam follower 370 on an extension of a registering lever 372, pivoted at 374, and having a registering bail 376 on a second extension. Registering lever 372 is biased clockwise by a spring 377. While the selection and transfer operations are taking place, the cam follower 370 rests on the high portion of the cam 368. The function shaft 350 is stationary during this time so the cam 368 is not rotating. When function shaft 359 is coupled to the drive gear 354 through clutch 352, so shaft 350 starts to-rotate, the cam follower 370 drops off of the high portion of the cam 368 and the bail 376 moves up against notches 378 of the plates 280. The notches 378 are aligned, with the upper notches of the mark positioned code plates in line with the lower notches of the space positioned code plates, so that the five notches are simultaneously engaged by the bail 376 of the lever 372. The notches 373 are V-shaped, and the bail 376 has a knife edge, hence slightly out-of-line code plates are cammed into place as the register bail 376 engages the notches.

To prevent arcing at the contacts of switch plate 324 when wipers 308 slide into their selected positions, the electric circuit to the common input of plate 324, which is received. at the pin 340, is held in open condition. After the bail 376 positions and locks the plates 280, the simultaneous circuit is pulsed. A cam 380 on the function shaft 350 is associated with a pair of contacts 382 in series with the energizing circuit to the simultaneous receiving mechanism, and when the lobe of cam 380 strikes the contacts 382 they will be closed to pulse the simultaneous code plate circuit.

SIMULTANEOUS RECEIVER Five solenoids arranged in a unitary assembly are employed to operate the simultaneous receiving mechanism of this invention and by this arrangement a set of five Y:levers are positioned simultaneously instead of sequentially as in the above described sequential receiver. Having general reference to Figures 9 and 11 and specific reference to Figure 12, an iron housing 386 contains the solenoids. Housing 386 is an assembly of two blocks, an upper block 388 and a lower block 390, fastened together by screws 392 through flanges 394 on the two blocks. Each of the blocks 388 and 390' has five vertical chambers, 396a, b, c, d and e, in the upper block, and 398a, b, c, d, and e in the lower block, to receive solenoid coils 406 (upper) and408 (lower). The corresponding upper and lowerchambers 396 and 398 are aligned and arrayed in the manner illustrated in Figure 13 wherein the vertical axes of the chambers 396,398 are spaced apart, from front to back, a distance equal to the spacchambers 3936' and 3918 are bored from the abutting ends of the blocks 388 and 390 and terminate a short. distance from the outside ends of the blocks. threaded holes 400 and 402 connect the ends of the respective chambers 396 and 398 to the outside ends ofthe housing 388..

Sandwiched and clamped between the two blocks 3 83 and 390 is an honor mild steel plate 404- with holes drilled in it to align with the associated chambers 396, 398 of the housing 386. These holes are slightly smaller in diameter than the chambers 396, 398, providing a slight shoulder at the inner end of eachchamber portion 396 and 398, for a reason which will presently become apparent. I

The assembled receiver solenoid unit contains the following elements within each chamber as illustrated by the cross-sectional view of the one chamber seen in Figure 12.. Two solenoid coils 406 and 408, wound on sleeve cores 469, made of insulating material, are held snugly between the ends'of the respective upper and lower portions 396 and 398 of each solenoid chamber and the aforementioned shoulder, provided by the mid-plate 404,

by spring Washers 410 and 412. Passing through the metallic sleeve 414 which an iron or mild steel plunger 416 is disposed with a freely slidable fit. Each plunger 416 has conical ends 418 and 419 and its lower ing of a group of Y-lever setting elements 452 which are disposed directly below the solenoid housing 386. The spacing of the axes of the chambers 396, 398 in the other direction places two of them, the axes of chambers 39617 and 396d, on the right ofthe center line of the housing and three of them, the axes of chambers 396a, 396c and 396:2,611 the left of the centerlin'e. Upper and lower end 419 has an axial bore within which the end of a Wire 420 is press fitted; Plungers 416 are free to independently move up and down within the cylinders. 414 and are limited in their travel by. steel end plugs 422 and 424. Plugs 422 and 424 are identical except for a bore-through the axis of each of the lower plugs 424 through which the aforementioned wires 420 project; Each of plugs 422 and. 424 have a threaded portion 426 to mate with the threaded holes 469 and 402 at the. end of the upper and lower cylinders, and a smaller inner cylindrical end 428. The inner ends 428 of upper plugs 422 have conical recesses 430v to mate with the conical plunger'tips 418 and the ends 428 of lower plugs 424 have a frusto-conical recess 4311 to mate with the lower tips 419 of plungers 416. Each plug 422 and 424 has an outer hexagonal head 432, for tool engagement, and each has a lock nut 4-34 threaded on its threaded portion 426. Plugs 422 and 424 are turned into the holes 400 and 482 a distance which will allow between inch to inch longitudinal movement of the associated plunger-s 416 within cylinders 414.

The reason for variations in plunger movement will be later described. When the proper amount of movement of each plunger has been set, the lock nuts 434 are turned down against the housing 386 to secure the plugs.

Centrally located in upper block388is a longitudinal through bore 436 aligned with a centrally located hole (not shown) in the plate 404. Channels 440 and 442 (Figure 12) in the inside faces of the blocks 388 and 390 (also shown dotted in Figure 13) connect each solenoid chamber with the central bore 436. In the assembled solenoid block these channels provide passages to enable the wires from the solenoid coils 406 and 408 to be led through the central, bore 436 to outside connections.

Magnetic detent of the solenoid plunge'rs will be de scribed with reference to a'schematic magnetic circuit of the above described solenoid group shown in Figure 14. The plungerfllfi is illustrated in its lower position which is the space position for this particular solenoid. The lower convex conical tip 419 of the plunger-is held against the concave conical end431 of the lower'iplug 424 due to magnetization of the steel plug 424. The polarization of this magnetized plug 424, as shown, is with the south pole at the top and is due to residual magnetism from a previous space pulse to the illustratedlowe'r coil 408. The flux lines due to thisv permanent magnet (plug 424.) are shown by the light dotted lines. indicated by the nu- Smaller coaxial aesasfie 21 through the midplate 404m complete the circuit, but some of the flux flows up' the blocks 390, 388, through the top plug 422, across the air; gap 446 and back down through the plunger 416. This latter flux is indicated by the numeral 448. As shown by this diagram, the plunger 416 will be permanently held against the lower plug 424.

There is a slight attractive force between the upper tip 418 of the plunger 416 and the end 430 of the upper plug 422, but as there is a large air gap at the upper end the attractionis slight and can be ignored.

When the mark coil 406, at the top of the solenoid, is pulsed, as was explained earlier, there is a magnetic flux circuit caused to flow as indicated by the heavy dotted lines 450 at the left side of the diagram. Due to the direction of the current pulse in this top coil 406, the upper tip 418 of the plunger 416 will become a north pole and the lower tip 419 will become a south pole. As the end 431 of the lower plug 424 is also a south pole,'the two poles will repel one another to release the plunger 416 from the magnetic locking effect of bottom magnetized plug 424. At the same instant that the lower plug 424 releases the plunger, the magnetic field created by flow of current in the coil 406 causes the plunger 416 to tend to center itself in the upper coil 406 and it is snapped up into mar position with its upper tip 418 agamst the conical end 430 of the top plug 422.

The polarity of upper plug 422 is changed by the mag netic flux created by the current flowing in the top coil .06 and its conical end 430 thus becomes a south pole to attract and magnetically hold the plunger in this upper position. Due to the fact that the end plugs 422 and 424 are of highly magnetically retentive material, they are slower to respond to changes in polarity than is the magnetic flux circuit and always lag behind. Because of this feature when the current flows through the windings of the coil 406, the flux indicated at 451, which causes the lower plunger tip 419 to become a south pole and also causes the end 431 of the bottom plug to become a north pole, the lag mentioned above enables the two parts 419 and 431 to be repelled before the end 431 of lower plug 424 has its polarity changed.

Thus there has been disclosed and described a solenoid plunger which may be driven one way or the other by alternately energized coils 406 and 408 and which will always be magnetically locked in its set position when the coils are de-energized.

Referring now to Figure 12, directly beneath the simultaneous solenoid receiver assembly described above, are a group of five Y-shaped levers 452, pivoted on a post 454 and having a slight turning motion one way or the other which is limited by a stop post 456, coacting with the sides of a slot 458 in each Y-lever. The stop post 456 is directly over the Y-levers pivot post 454 and the slots 458 are slightly wider than the diameter of the stop post 456. Clockwise rotation of a Y-lever is a result of a mark signal and counterclockwise rotation of a Y-lever is a result of a space" signal. These five Y-levers 452 are somewhat similar in appearance to the five Y-levers 248 of the sequential receiver and serve the same purpose. Each Y-lever 452 has three arms, a righthand arm 460 and two lefthand arms 462 and 464. Movement of the Y-levers 452 is effected through their attachment to associated ones of the solenoid plunger wires 420 projecting through the bottom of the simultaneous receiver housing 386. The front Y-lever has a wire 420a attached to a post 466 at the left of the pivot 454 and is associated with the first element or bit of the Baudot code. The second Y-lever has the Wire 4205 attached to a post at the right of the pivot and is associated with the second element of the code. I he third Y-lever has the wire 4200 attached at the left of the pivot 454 and away from the pivot a distance double that of the first wire. The fourth Y-lever has the wire 420d attached at the right 'of the pivot and away from the pivot a distance double that of the wire 42%. And the fifth Y-lever has its wire 420e attached to the left ofthe pivot and directly behind the post 466 on the first Y-lever, The plungefs associated with wires 420a, 420a and 420e move down when their mark solenoids are pulsed and up. when their space solenoids are pulsed. The plungers associated with wires 42% and 420d move up when their mar solenoids are pulsed and down when their space solenoids are pulsed.

With the described arrangement of the wire connections to the Y-levers, it is necessary that the solenoid plungers 4160 and 416d, within the solenoid receiver housing 386, move twice as far to set the third and fourth. Y-levers as to set the first, second and fifth levers due to the greater distance of the wire attachment from the pivot 454. This diiference in movement of the plungers 416 is adjusted by the screw plugs 422 and 424 as was previously explained. The forces necessary to turn the-Y-levers are about equal regardless of the greater movement of two of the plungers'due-to the fact that the two that have to move the farthest are also farther from the pivot 454 so that a greater lever action is available for the turning of these latter two levers.

Referring now to Figure 11, the operations of the simultaneous receiving and translating mechanism subsequent to positioning of Y-levers 452 will now be described: I 2

When the five mark or space circuits set up by code plates 280 are pulsed by the pulsing cam 380 on the function shaft 350, associated mark or space solenoids within the solenoid receiver housing 386 are energized and magnetically locked to simultaneously move the five Y-levers 452 to desired clockwise or counterclockwise positions; clockwise for marking impulses and counterclockwise for spacing impulses. A second transfer lever 468, for transferring settings of Yrlevers 452, is fixed on the end of a shaft 470 and, with shaft 470 canturn clockwise a slight amount under the biasing force ofa spring .472. This transfer lever 468 is latched in cocked condition againstthe force of spring 472. Release of transfer lever 468 is accomplished by energizing an electromagnet 474 which attracts a latching armature 476 pivoted at 478 and biased away from the magnet 474 by a spring 480. The armature 476 has a latching end 482 which engages an end 484 of a latch lever 486 fixed to the second trans? fer lever shaft 470. When the magnet 474 is energized, the armature 476 pulls up and releases the latch lever 486 which in turn permits the transfer lever 468 at the other end of the shaft 470 to turn under bias of spring 480.

Mounted on the end of an arm 473 of the second transfer lever 468 is a post 488 which pivotally mounts five T-levers 490, identical to theT-levers 286 previously described for the sequential receiver. When transfer lever 468 is released the T-levers 490 are moved forward against the simultaneously positioned Y-levers 452 and one or the other of the arms 492 or 494 of the T-levers 490 will strike one or the other of the arms 462 or 464 of the Y-levers 452 to turn the T-levers in clockwise or counterclockwise directions. Clockwise rotation of a T-lever isthe result of a space signal and counterclockwise rotation is the result of a mark signal.

The start or latch electromagnet 474, whichreleases the second transfer lever 468 as described above, is controlled through contacts 496 (when a control switch 551, later described, isin position 3) by the cam 380 on the function shaft 350. Contacts 496, associated with cam 380, are closed at approximately the same time as the aforementioned contacts 382 are closed to pulse the solenoids in the simultaneous receiver. Contacts 496 are in series with the latch electromagnet 474, therefore at the same time the solenoids within the simultaneous receiver are energized to effect the setting of the simultaneous Y-levers 452, the electromagnet 474 is energized.

to release the transfer lever 468. Electromagnet 474 is made to respond more slowly than the solenoids so the Y-levers will always be completely set before the T-levers 

